Carbon-calcining furnace.



ATTEST.

PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

P. P. NUNGESSER. CARBON CALCINING PURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18,1905.

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PATENTBD JUNE 26, 1906. P. P. NUNGESSBR. CARBON GALCINING PURNAGB.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18. 1905.

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www BY ATTY Unrrnn STATES PHILIP P. NUNGESSER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NUNGESSER ELECTRIC BATTERY CO., OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A

CORPORATION OF OHIO.

l No. 824,199.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 26, 1906.

Application tied septemtr 18,1905. Serial No. 278.956.

T0 aZZ whom, it muy concern:

Be it knownthat I, PHILIP P. N UNGEssER, a citizen of the U 'ted States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, useful Improvements in Carbon-Calc' Furnaces; and I do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in carbon-calcining furnaces adapted to heat carboniferous or other material continually and without interruption for an indefinite period, the raw material be` 0f fed into the to of the retort and the heafxd material with rawn from the bottom thereof, all substantially as shown and described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the dra s, Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional elevation of the retort or furnace on a line corresponding to 1 1, Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the s ace between the inner and outer walls on a e corresponding to 2 2, Fig. 1, showing the stagered arrangement of the tile in said space or ue for the products of combustion. Fi 3 is a cross-section of the retort correspon ing to line 3 3, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the base corres onding to line 4 4, 5. Fig. 5 is a vertica sectional elevation of the retort and base on a line corresponding to line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an enlarged horizontal section of a portion of the outer wall of the retort and illustrating m novel means for binding the furnace mung about with a yielding board or tie. Figs. 7 and 8 are edge and cross-sectional views, respectively, of the interlocking tile for lining the interior of the retort.

As thus shown and described, the invention comprises a novel construction of furnace or retort A, preferably cylindrical or circular in shape, but not necessarily limited to this form, and built upon a baseB, inwhich or in connection with which there is a combustion-chamber or firing-space b, which may be of any referred or available kind, whether with so 'd or gaseous fuel.

From the combustion-chamber the prodhave invented certain new and ucts of combustion pass into an annular heatdistributing space 2, which surrounds the interior base portion A', upon which the immediate wall A of the retort or furnace rests. From the saidannular space 2 the roducts of combustion pass upward uniformi) about the wall A of the retort proper throug sage-way 3, that is more or less interru ted by the interposition of tile or bricks 4, W 'ch are built into the outer inclos' wall A2 ofthe retort and extend across sai staggered relations, Fig. 2,

4 necessarily are of refractory material which will resist very high temperatures, as they are bodily exposed in the path of the products of combustion. The interposition of the said tiles or bricks 4 doesnot, however, disturb the flow of the products of combustion to any such extent that the heating of the retort on the higher elevations isvinjuriously affected thereby, while said tiles afford all the lateral support the inner wall of the retort requires and stay the sameuniformly all around from end to end. The said wall A has an interior linin of especially-constructed interlockin tiles formed w1th more or less segmental curvature between their ends, accor the dimensions of the retort and provided with to' es d and grooves c upon lopposite edges an ends, respectively, as seen 1n Figs. 7 and 8. The inner le ths of these tiles is pro ortionally shorter t an the outer, accor to the curvature Iovided for therein, an they are set into t locking posltion at both their ends and edges, as seen 1n Figs. 3 and 5. This construction, with the effective bracing obtained through the sta gered tiles or bricks 4, makes an exceeding y serviceable wall and revents leakage of solid matter or gases fiom within the retort into the draft-flues about the same.

Another material and novel feature of this construction of retort is the cone C in the botpromote a uniform flow of the heate rial by gravity from the bottom of the retort into the discharge-passages. Heretofore in all retorts of this general character with passage in' against the outer -1 tile covering 5 of the inner Wall A. The tiles e wall A in intereffectually l apastom thereof, which is especially designed to mate- IOO.

which I am familiar the outlet-opening was separated out an directly inthe centcnefrthe bottom: and with more or less ledge or iioor space about said hole around about the Wall. This made a lodging place atthe Wallabout said'- hole for the material.l when drawing off occurred; and' the result Was that the material packed thereon and induced a run down through the center of the pile which Wouldbring With-itA much of the unprepared material from toward the top of the retort. Suchmaterial' being insuiiicientl' heated, Would'have tobe put back into the retort, entailing much additional labor and showingvery iifnfperiectl apparatus obviously.. Now

I. have devised a construction which .wholly avoids this. objectionI and insures :a1-uniform! bodily-downward movement oi? thel entire mass as the bottom materialifisndirawn away, and thesaid cone es cially. and-initially. oontributes to' this resu t-that is, itientersinto ther pile orl column of material-ias a conical Wedgej with such declivity that there is no tendency to= pack or settle thereon While the several dischafrgapassages. 6,1 startingl trom; about the ot said .cone andbetvveen the same and Wall A, tap the superposed material at such` frequentintervals here and there: that itwill pour out through the samel into the' common space where-said passages-meet at the` mouth of the single downwardly-inclined discharge-channel 8 and thence out under control oicut-of'Q', Fig.. 1. There may he as many of the passages 6' as shall be found necessary to obtain uniform clearance from the bottom of the retort, and Ifind. that by this construction all the outiow is from the bottom ofthe stack While the material..y next above settlesl down to take its place and no raw orunprepared material vWhatever can be drawn ofi.

, Another essential and novel feature of this retort or furnace is the meansprovided for accommodating the unavoidable contraction and expansion of the waliof the yfurnace or retort, incident to the high temperature at times and the contraction when cooling is necessary. The circular form of the retort is especially favorable to my conception, which consists 1n an elastic binder or tie E at intervals from top to bottom with vertically-disposedrails. or barsF at intervals about; the Wall and preferably the full length thereof,

so thatV each rail will reach from the base of the Wall to the top thereof.' These-rails, preferably, are railway-rails arranged with their base against the Wall of the stack or retort and having the ties E passed throu h the Web of the rail, Fig. 6. The endsoft e ties overlap at andthrou h'adjacent. rails, Where the said ends are t eaded'and provided with nuts 10 to draw. the said ties or rods to the requisite tightnes'sto .begin with and to make such furtheradjustmentas the demands ofthe service may require.

It Will be noticed that' normally the tierods are-bent to a circle conformingy generally to but ofproportionall'y larger radius than the radius of the outer Walls which they incl'ose andare ur osely ot springmetali, Vso asto naturally ol or resume this circular or curved relation. Now it will be seen that in case of expansion ofthe Walls of the retort under. heat. there must be proportional eX- pansion or yield' in the tie-rods E or breakage Will ensue. This is the point wherein my novel'form' of tie or binder shows its advantage,- because it will automatically surrender in proportion to the expansion until it assumes a perfectly straight or stretched position-.between rails, as seein inline' 2:2,- Fig; 6.

This is-.its-.liinitg but it. is not expected'that thelifmi-t willl be re uired in' the every-day use ofthe-retort, an "then astheretort cools.

and'conftraction occurs. the saidrods E naturally. spring back toward: their original curved position With; thecontractionot the Walls.. This makesthe ties E elastic, while they exerta continuous. binding eftect or pressure upon the exterior of the Wall and compensate for botlrexpansion andi contraction otthe wall.. Of course any other suitable fol-'mot rail1=or banF'may be used.

In Fig. 1', G represents a storage-tank for the raw material and from which the retort issupplied through, a discharge-spout 12'. The said tank or receptacle has al funnel# shaped v or: conical' 1 bottom v g, and the flow of the materialftherefrom through spout; 12 is controlledby. a valve 14. A tile-lined cover Hcarries spout or tube 12, and a Ventilating flue J for the.l retort is show-n as extending through said cover. Suitable posts or standards -17 su porttankGrom the top ofthe retort-stach or Wall. Means are provided'at 16, Fig. 1, for` ascertaining the temperature ofthe interior walls and'iiues of the retort, and -suitable cleansing-doors 18v are provided here andithcre in the Wall 'of the retort;

N. is a side flue at the top-of the retortor the escape of the products of combustion, controllediby a slide or-darnper rn..

Tank G is of a size which enables an extra quantity of material to be stored inconvenient reach of the retort for holidaysy and the l like, so that= as a charge is Withdrawnfrom the .retort-say every six. hours-the retort maybe filled from the supply on hand in the tank by simply pulling on chain 20 and 4raising valve 14.

VVht I cloim -is fur ha 1. car n-ca cunng' nace a Wall with a linin of lnterlocked tilgsigan outerl Wall and tiles. built therein bea against the wall of the retort at intervals, an ticsabout said outer Wall binding the same around and. holding said Walls together, a passageior combustion being provided between said Walls. 2. A carbon-calcining furnace having a circular outer Wall, in combination with ver- IOO IIO

tically-disposedrails at`ntervals about said wall and spring-metal tie-rods bent to a radius greater than the radius of said Wall and engaged through said rails and locking the same together against said wall.

3. An upright carbon-calcinng furnace havin a cone centrally on the bottom thereof an a space between the base of the cone and the wall of the retort, and a plurality of outlets for the material open to said space, said outlets running together at their bottom.

4. A vertically-disposed carbon-calcinng furnace and a base therefor having ,an annular combustion-channel about the same, a cone centrally in the bottom of said retort 'discharge-channel to which said passages converge.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

PHILIP P. NUNGESSER.

Witnesses:

R. B. MOSER, C. A. SELL. 

